专利摘要:
A trailer (10) with a chassis (12) comprising a base frame, and a drawbar (14) which at a point between a front edge (18) of the base frame (12) and a wheel (20) of the trailer (10) relative to Base frame (12) is arranged pivotably, is characterized in that a guide is provided for a container and / or the trailer (10) has at least one ramp (36) with a length greater than or equal to 60 cm.
公开号:CH717413A2
申请号:CH00064/21
申请日:2021-01-25
公开日:2021-11-15
发明作者:Bayha Steffen
申请人:Muenz Fahrzeugbau Gmbh & Co Kg;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

The invention relates to a trailer with a chassis comprising a base frame, and a drawbar which is pivotably arranged at a point between a front edge of the base frame and a wheel of the trailer relative to the base frame.
Such a trailer is known for example from DE 10 2018 121 747 A1. The trailer known from this publication is a trailer for loading and / or unloading a container. The trailer is set up to tilt a loaded container laterally along at least one longitudinal side of the trailer. Additionally or alternatively, the trailer can be designed so that it can be lowered at the rear. This also makes it possible, for example, to drive construction machinery onto the trailer and transport it with it.
The object of the present invention is to develop a trailer mentioned at the beginning so that its intended use becomes even more diverse.
This object is achieved according to the invention by a trailer with a chassis comprising a base frame, and a drawbar which is pivotably arranged at a point between a front edge of the base frame and a wheel of the trailer relative to the base frame, the trailer being a guide for a Containers and / or wherein the trailer has at least one ramp with a length greater than or equal to 60cm, in particular greater than or equal to 80cm, preferably greater than or equal to 90cm, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 1m, very particularly preferably greater than or equal to 2m.
By providing a guide for a container or a trough, the trailer is suitable for transporting containers and troughs, the guide ensuring that the container is aligned at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trailer. This means that the container can be reliably locked on the trailer.
If, in addition or alternatively, the trailer has at least one ramp with a length greater than or equal to 60cm, in particular greater than or equal to 80cm, preferably greater than or equal to 90cm, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 1m, very particularly preferably greater than or equal to 2 m, Vehicles to be transported, such as rollers or locomotives, can be driven onto the trailer on a very slight incline.
The guide for the container can comprise two side strips between which a recess for at least partially receiving the container is formed. The bars result in a long, stable guide.
If roller mounts are provided for receiving roles of the container, the container can rest flat on the strips. Furthermore, the container is correctly positioned in the longitudinal direction when the rollers of the container are in the roller receptacles.
Further advantages result when an alignment device is provided for aligning a container. The alignment device can center the container so that it can be reliably locked by means of container locks. The alignment device (more than one alignment device can be provided) can have at least one, preferably two, very preferably four, alignment elements. An alignment element can be arranged on the trailer so that it can be moved vertically or pivoted. It can also be part of a locking device. It can be plugged into the locking device. The at least one alignment element can taper towards its free end, in particular it can be wedge-shaped at the end.
The trailer preferably has a support leg which is arranged on the drawbar or on the base frame. It is particularly preferred if a fastening point for the support foot is provided both on the drawbar and in the area of the front edge of the base frame and the support foot can be fastened either to the drawbar or to the base frame. When the support leg is attached to the drawbar, the drawbar can be held at a certain height so that a towing vehicle can be driven up to the drawbar and the trailer can be coupled to the towing vehicle. It is also possible to park the trailer without having to put down the drawbar or lower the trailer at the rear while holding the drawbar in a certain position. It is also possible to keep the loading area of the trailer in a horizontal position when the trailer is parked.
If the support leg is attached in the area of the front edge of the base frame, the drawbar can be placed on the ground and the trailer can still be held in a horizontal position. This makes it possible for a vehicle that has loaded a container, for example, to drive very close to the trailer, in particular to drive over the drawbar, and then to transfer the container from the vehicle to the trailer.
The support foot can be attached to the drawbar in a different orientation than to the base frame. This is particularly advantageous if the support leg is designed as a support winch and has a crank for operating the support winch. The support foot can thus be attached to the base frame in such a way that the crank is easily accessible.
Further advantages result when the support leg is adjustable in length. This can in particular be implemented in that the support foot is designed as a support winch. Thus, the drawbar can be brought to different heights and adjusted in height to different towing vehicles to which the trailer is to be attached. In addition, the support leg can be adjusted to different heights, depending on whether it is attached to the drawbar or the base frame.
Further advantages result if the trailer can be lowered at the rear. This makes it particularly easy to drive vehicles to be transported onto the trailer.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the trailer has a two-axle pendulum axle unit or air suspension unit. Alternatively, a parabolic spring assembly can be provided. This makes it particularly easy to lower the chassis and in particular the base frame towards the floor at the rear. On the one hand, this can make loading and unloading containers easier. On the other hand, moving machines to be transported up and down can also be easily accomplished.
Particular advantages arise when the trailer has an additional frame which is pivotable with respect to the base frame about at least one, preferably three axes. A container, for example, can be attached to the intermediate frame. Alternatively, the intermediate frame can have a loading area or flatbed. Because the intermediate frame can be pivoted relative to the base frame, the loading area or the container can be tilted relative to the base frame. For example, the container or the loading area can be pivoted about an axis that runs parallel to the wheel axles. Alternatively or in addition, it can be provided that the intermediate frame can be tilted about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trailer, that is to say to the left and / or to the right. If three tipping axles are provided, the trailer is designed as a three-way tipper.
At least one tilt cylinder can be arranged between the base frame and the additional frame. By extending the tilt cylinder, the additional frame together with the container or loading floor arranged or loaded on it can tilt sideways or tilt backwards. By retracting the tilt cylinder, the additional frame can be moved back into a horizontal starting position. The tilt cylinder can be designed as a double-acting cylinder. This also makes it possible to clamp the additional frame onto the base frame. The tilt cylinder can be a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.
Furthermore, it is conceivable that the additional frame can be fixed to the base frame by releasable locks, preferably bolt or staple locks. By means of these locks, the intermediate additional frame can be fixed rotatably on the base frame. For example, the one or more left-hand locks can be closed while the right-hand locks are open. This makes it possible for the additional frame to be tilted to the left. If the intermediate frame is to be tilted to the right, the corresponding right-hand locks must be closed while the left-hand locks are opened so that the intermediate frame can tilt to the right. If the intermediate frame is to tip backwards, the rear locks must be closed while the left and right locks are open. The locks can be operated hydraulically and / or pneumatically. At least four such locks can be provided, in particular at least two locks on each of the two longitudinal sides of the base frame.
The additional frame and / or the base frame can have at least one, in particular hydraulic, container lock. This allows a container to be attached to the trailer. The at least one, preferably several, container locks can be arranged on a locking device which can be mounted on the base frame or on the additional frame. With the container locks, a container can be detachably attached to the additional frame or base frame. The at least one container lock can be designed as a hydraulically actuated bolt lock.
The trailer can have at least one rear support. This can prevent the trailer from tipping backwards while it is being loaded. In addition, the trailer can be secured in a horizontal position when parked. Furthermore, the trailer can be lowered onto the rear support when the rear is lowered, so that the loading area and the at least one ramp form one level.
The trailer can have a platform floor with a connector strip into which the transverse jaws can be inserted. The cross jaws can be used to implement stops for machines that are transported on the trailer. This prevents the load from slipping while driving.
In a further embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the trailer has a flatbed floor which has receptacles for plug-in stanchions. The stanchions can be tubular or designed as an angle profile. In particular, if they are designed as angle profiles, formwork profiles, for example, can be inserted between the angle profiles. This means that several formwork profiles can be stacked on top of one another and transported safely.
The trailer can have at least one foldable ramp at its rear end. This makes it possible, for example, to drive machines onto the trailer when the trailer is lowered to the rear. It is conceivable to provide only one foldable ramp that extends over the entire width of the trailer. Alternatively, it is conceivable to provide two ramps, the distance between which corresponds approximately to the track width of the machines to be driven on.
The at least one ramp can be folded down hydraulically or with the aid of a spring. This simplifies handling for an operator. Further advantages result if the at least one ramp can be bent. In this way, a longer ramp can be implemented, which is kinked or folded in in the transport position. In particular, a ramp that is 2 m or longer can be implemented in this way. With such a long ramp, a very slight incline can be realized so that machines or vehicles that can only cope with a slight incline can be driven onto the trailer.
At least one of the ramps can have a railroad track. This makes it possible, for example, to drive a locomotive onto the trailer and then transport it. In the case of a locomotive in particular, it is advantageous if the ramps are particularly long. Thus, the railroad tracks can be provided in particular on the foldable ramps.
Another possible use for the trailer arises when it has a tarpaulin frame. Thus the loading area of the trailer can be covered by a tarpaulin.
The tarpaulin frame can have sliding rails at the top, so that a tarpaulin can be moved along the tarpaulin frame for loading the trailer.
The bed can have a rubber covering. This makes it possible, for example, to drive a roller safely onto the trailer. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one ramp can also have a rubber covering.
Furthermore, the trailer can have a lateral perforated rail system for receiving, for example, tension belts. In this way, the load can be secured particularly well on the trailer.
For securing cargo, it is also advantageous if the trailer has pull-out U-brackets for receiving, for example, tension belts. Since the U-brackets can be pulled out, they can also be lowered into the platform floor so that they are not an obstacle when they are not needed.
In the area of the front edge of the base frame, a particularly hydraulic or electric cable winch can be provided. This can, for example, help to pull cargo onto the trailer.
In a further embodiment, a support frame with an insert can be provided. A conveyor belt, for example, can be placed on the support bracket if it is to be transported on the trailer.
The trailer can have an ABS braking system. This means that the trailer can also be operated at speeds greater than 62 km / h.
Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, on the basis of the figures, which show details essential to the invention, and from the claims. The features shown in the drawing are shown in such a way that the special features according to the invention can be made clearly visible. The various features can each be implemented individually or collectively in any combination in the case of variants of the invention.
1 shows a side view of a first embodiment of the trailer according to the invention with foldable ramps; 2 shows a side view of the trailer with the drawbar lowered; 3 shows a side view of the trailer in a position lowered at the rear; 4 shows a side view of the trailer with the additional frame tilted backwards; 5 shows a view from the rear of the trailer with the additional frame tilted to the side; 6 is a perspective view of the trailer with the stanchions inserted; Figure 7 is a top plan view of the trailer; 8 shows a side view of a trailer with a tarpaulin frame; 9 shows a perspective view of a trailer with insert and bearing block, FIG. 10 shows a locking unit.
FIG. 1 shows a trailer 10 with a base frame 12 which is part of a chassis. Furthermore, the trailer 10 has a drawbar 14 which is arranged at the point 16 between a front edge 18 and a wheel 20 so as to be pivotable relative to the base frame 12. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a support foot 22 is arranged on the drawbar 14, via which the drawbar 14 is supported on the floor 24.
In the area of the front edge 18 of the base frame 12, a fastening plate 26 can be seen, to which the support leg 22 can be fastened if necessary. For this purpose, the fastening plate 26 has a hole pattern 28 which allows the support leg 22 to be fastened at different heights. It should be noted that the support leg 22 itself is adjustable in length. In particular, the support foot 22 is designed as a support winch. An actuating crank 30 is provided for this purpose.
The drawbar 14 can be pivoted with respect to the base frame 12 by means of a pivoting mechanism 32 that can in particular be actuated hydraulically or pneumatically.
The trailer 10 has a two-axle pendulum axle assembly 33, which is part of the chassis. The base frame 12 is thus part of the chassis and can be pivoted about the axis 34. It is thus possible to lower the trailer 10 at the rear as in the illustration shown, the trailer 10 being supported on the floor 24 via a support 35. This lowering movement is implemented by the pivoting mechanism 32, which can have a hydraulic component in order to pivot the base frame 12 and thus the entire rear of the vehicle relative to the drawbar 14 and thus lower it at the rear.
At the rear end, the trailer 10 has two ramps 36, 38. The ramps 36, 38 are foldable ramps. The ramp 38 is shown in the bent state. In order to reduce the wind resistance while driving, the ramps 36, 38 are designed as foldable ramps so that, as shown for the ramp 38, they can be bent while driving. The ramp 36 is shown in the unfolded state. It can be seen here that the ramp 36 is very long. The fact that the rear of the trailer 10 is not completely lowered to the ground, but is supported on the floor 24 via the support 35, results in a slight slope of the loading area 40 of the trailer 10. The loading area 40 is lengthened virtually without that the slope changes. It is thus possible to drive a vehicle to be transported onto the trailer 10 on a very slight incline.
Furthermore, the trailer 10 has an additional frame 42, which is described in more detail below.
The drawbar 14 has a towing eye 44 with which a connection to a towing vehicle can be established. Via the connecting section 46, the drawbar eye 44 can be adjusted in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drawbar 14 and orthogonally thereto. As a result, an adaptation to the towing vehicle that is to be used can take place.
In the embodiment of the trailer according to FIG. 2, the drawbar 14 is not supported by the support leg 22, but rather is placed on the floor 24. For this purpose, the support foot 22 is fastened in a different orientation in the area of the front edge 18, in particular on the fastening plate 26 of the trailer 10. Thus, the base frame 12 and the auxiliary frame 42 arranged thereon can be held or supported in a horizontal position. It is thus possible for a vehicle to be able to drive very close to the trailer 10, in particular to drive over the drawbar 14 and transfer a container from the vehicle to the trailer 10 without the trailer 10 tipping forward. In order to secure a container that is placed on the trailer 10, container locks to be described later are provided. These can be operated hydraulically or pneumatically.
In the embodiment of the trailer 10 according to FIG. 3, the support foot 22 is fastened to the drawbar 14 again. The base frame 12 is pivoted relative to the drawbar 14. The trailer 10 is lowered at the rear. In particular, the base frame 12 rests directly on the floor 24. This means that the (rear) support 35 is missing in this case. The loading area 40 thus assumes a greater angle to the floor 24 than in FIG. 1. The long ramps 36, 38 are not required in this case. In contrast, a ramp 54 is provided which extends over the entire width of the trailer 10. A vehicle to be transported can now drive onto the trailer 10 via the ramp 54. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the trailer 10 does not have an additional frame 42.
In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, the support foot 22 is again arranged in the region of the front edge 18 of the base frame 12 and supports the trailer 10 in such a way that the base frame 12 is aligned horizontally.
On the additional frame 42 locking units 60, 62 are arranged, which have the container locks with which a trough 64 with side walls 56 is fixed on the additional frame 42 in this case. The additional frame 42 is pivoted relative to the base frame 12, specifically by means of a tilting cylinder 58. The additional frame 42 is pivoted relative to the base frame 12 in particular about an axis which runs parallel to the wheel axles. In the rear area of the base frame 12, the additional frame 42 is connected to the base frame 12 via a detachable tilt bearing which defines the tilt axis.
In the figure 4 can not be seen locks that are released in this case to allow pivoting of the additional frame 42 to the rear. The additional frame 42 can be fixed on the base frame 12 via the locks. Such locks are provided on the right-hand side and on the left-hand side on the additional frame 42. If the locks are only released on one side and those on the other side remain locked, then locked locks represent a pivot axis about which the additional frame 42 can be pivoted laterally.
On the additional frame 42 designed as half-shells stops 63 for rollers of the trough 64 or a container are provided in order to prevent them from slipping backwards when the additional frame 42 is tilted.
This is also shown in FIG. The stop 63 can be seen on the left-hand side, while it is hidden on the right-hand side, so that the roller 65 of the trough 64 can be seen better. Furthermore, a lateral tilting (to the left) of the additional frame 42 is shown in FIG. 5. For this purpose, the locks on the left are closed so that the additional frame 42 can be tilted to the left via the tilt cylinder 58. The locks on the right are released. In order to allow tilting to the right, the left-hand locks and the rear tilting bearing would have to be released and the right-hand locks closed. When the side wall 56 is opened, bulk material located in the trough 64 can be unloaded.
In the embodiment of FIG. 6 of the trailer 10 it can be seen that the trailer has a platform floor 66 which has plug strips 68 for transverse jaws 70. The transverse jaws 70 can serve as a stop for goods or machines to be transported.
Furthermore, receptacles 72 for stanchions 74 are provided. Load can be secured through the stanchions 74. Furthermore, a lateral perforated rail system 76 can be seen which, for example, can accommodate tension belts in order to secure the load. In addition, pull-out U-brackets 78 are provided, which can also be used to secure transport goods. The U-brackets 78 can be provided at the front and / or rear end of the trailer 10. The perforated rail systems 76 can be provided on the left and right of the trailer 10.
Lateral guides 67 designed as strips form a guide for a container or a trough. The platform floor 66 lies between the guides 67. The upper side of the platform floor 66 is lower than the upper side of the guides 67, so that a receptacle for at least partially receiving a container or a trough is formed between the guides 67. The container or the trough can rest flat on the top of the guides 67.
Locking units 60, 62 are provided on the trailer 10. An alignment device 69 is used to align the container / trough. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the alignment device 69 has four alignment elements 71 which taper towards their free end, in particular are wedge-shaped at the end. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the alignment elements are arranged on the locking units 60, 62, in particular inserted into them. In a variant it can be provided that the alignment elements can be lowered or pivoted in the platform floor 66.
In the exemplary embodiment shown, the locking units are arranged on the base frame 12. If the trailer 10 has an additional frame 42, at least one, preferably both, locking units can be arranged on the additional frame 42.
A locking unit 60 is shown in FIG. 10. The locking unit 62 is designed analogously. It can be seen here that the locking unit 60 has the four alignment elements 71, which here are rigidly but manually removable on the body 75 of the locking unit 60. Also to be seen are hydraulically or pneumatically pivotable container locks 50, 52, which pivot when the container or trough is attached and centered by the alignment elements 69 and lock the container or trough on the trailer 10.
At the end of the guides 67 roller mounts 73 are provided for receiving roles of the container / the trough.
FIG. 7 shows a top view of the trailer 10 according to FIG. 6, but without inserted stakes. Otherwise, the elements described in connection with FIG. 6 are identified by corresponding reference numerals. It can also be seen here that the support foot 22 is arranged at the front edge 18.
The special feature of the embodiment according to FIG. 8 is that the trailer 10 has a tarpaulin frame 80 so that the loading area of the trailer 10 can be covered by a tarpaulin. The tarpaulin frame 80 can have a rail system in the upper area in order to be able to push the tarpaulin back at the top, so that loading of the trailer 10 is simplified.
In the embodiment of the trailer according to FIG. 9, it can be seen that the platform floor 66 has a rubber covering 82 in some areas, which makes it possible to drive up a roller. Furthermore, a support bracket 84 with insert 86 can be seen at the front end of the trailer 10. For example, a conveyor belt can be placed on or supported by the support bracket 84 during transport.
权利要求:
Claims (26)
[1]
1. Trailer (10) with a chassis (12) comprising a base frame, and a drawbar (14) which at a point between a front edge (18) of the base frame (12) and a wheel (20) of the trailer (10) relative is arranged pivotably to the base frame (12), characterized in that the trailer (10) has a guide (67) for a container and / or the trailer (10) has at least one ramp (36, 28, 54) with a length greater or greater equals 60cm.
[2]
2. Trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide for the container comprises two lateral strips, between which a recess for at least partially receiving the container is formed.
[3]
3. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that roller receptacles (73) are provided for receiving rollers of the container.
[4]
4. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an alignment device (69) is provided for aligning a container.
[5]
5. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10) has a support foot which is arranged on the drawbar or on the base frame (12).
[6]
6. Trailer according to claim 5, characterized in that a fastening point for the support foot (22) is provided both on the drawbar (14) and in the region of the front edge (18) of the base frame (12) and the support foot (22) optionally on the drawbar (14) or the base frame (12) can be fastened.
[7]
7. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the support foot (22) on the drawbar (14) can be fastened in a different orientation than on the base frame (12).
[8]
8. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the support foot (22) is adjustable in length.
[9]
9. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10) can be lowered at the rear.
[10]
10. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10) has a two-axle pendulum axle unit (33) or an air suspension unit.
[11]
11. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10) has an additional frame (42) which is pivotable with respect to the base frame (12) about at least one, preferably three axes.
[12]
12. Trailer according to claim 11, characterized in that the additional frame (42) and / or the base frame (12) has at least one, in particular hydraulic, container lock (50, 52).
[13]
13. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10) has at least one rear support (35).
[14]
14. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10) has a platform floor (66) with a connector strip (68) into which the transverse jaws (70) can be inserted.
[15]
15. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10) has a platform floor (66) which has receptacles (72) for stanchions (74).
[16]
16. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10) has at least one foldable ramp (36, 38, 54) at its rear end.
[17]
17. Trailer according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least one ramp (36, 38, 54) can be folded down hydraulically or with the aid of a spring.
[18]
18. Trailer according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that at least one ramp (36, 38) can be bent.
[19]
19. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims 11 to 13, characterized in that at least one of the ramps (36, 38, 54) has a railroad track.
[20]
20. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10) has a tarpaulin frame (80).
[21]
21. Trailer according to claim 15, characterized in that the tarpaulin frame (80) has sliding rails at the top, so that a tarpaulin for loading the trailer (10) can be moved along the tarpaulin frame (80).
[22]
22. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the platform (66) and / or a ramp has a rubber covering (82).
[23]
23. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer (10) has a lateral perforated rail system (76) for receiving, for example, tension belts.
[24]
24. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trailer has pull-out U-brackets (78) for receiving, for example, tension belts.
[25]
25. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has an in particular hydraulic or electric cable winch in the region of the front edge (18) of the base frame (12).
[26]
26. Trailer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a support block (84) with an insert (86) is provided.
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
AT523752A3|2022-01-15|
DE102020112000A1|2021-11-04|
AT523752A2|2021-11-15|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

NL41577C|1931-11-29|
US20120013093A1|2007-04-17|2012-01-19|A Noy Development Ii, Llc|Modular and collapsible storage and/or transport container apparatus and method and utility trailer system|
US20090123260A1|2007-11-09|2009-05-14|Michael Howard-Leicester|Tilting bed trailer|
DE102017100091B4|2017-01-04|2020-11-12|Miroslaw Malcherek|Truck trailer for a roll-off container|
DE102018121747B4|2018-09-06|2021-09-16|Münz Fahrzeugbau GmbH & Co. KG|Hook lift vehicle and container for a hook lift vehicle|
法律状态:
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
DE102020112000.1A|DE102020112000A1|2020-05-04|2020-05-04|Multifunctional trailer|
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